Marijuana withdrawal syndrome: There is none

There is no withdrawal syndrome mentioned in the DSM though it says that there have been reports of symptoms, but that they have not yet been shown to be "clinically significant" (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., p. 216).  A criteria for withdrawal (within the scope of dependence in the DSM) is a withdrawal syndrome that causes "significant distress" (p. 185) psychosocially or occupationally.

One study shows that craving was a withdrawal symptom, and that it can, under certain circumstances, prevent a user from stopping use (Ehlers, Gizer, Vieten & Wilhelmsen, 2010), which is a criteria for a withdrawal syndrome.  Other criteria, such as tolerance and loss of social activities, are only specific to dependence.

Hasin created two groups of symptoms:  "anxiety, restlessness, depression, and insomnia" and  "weakness, hypersomnia, and psychomotor retardation" (Hasin, et al., 2008, para. 1).  Anxiety-related symptoms, which are much more commonly cited as a withdrawal symptom, were associated in Hasin's study with panic and personality disorders.  Bonn-Miller and Moos (2010) suggest that anxiety predicts long-term relapse, but does not mediate high relapse rates predicted by previous heavy use, which would probably go to the craving symptom.  Therefore this research suggests that the anxiety component of withdrawal is due to another disorder, and therefore may not be contributing to marijuana withdrawal syndrome as specified in the DSM (Copeland & Swift, 2009; Preuss, Watzke, Zimmermann, Wong, Schmidt, 2010).  Reuptake-inhibiting anti-depressants had no effect beyond placebo in a study that filtered preexisting psychiatric conditions from the test group, further supporting the idea that the anxiety-related symptoms either describe a separate disorder, or are too clinically insignificant to be affected by a reuptake inhibitor that reduces anxiety  (Carpenter, McDowell, Brooks, Cheng, 2009).

This material supports the DSM's present assertion that there is no clinically-significant marijuana withdrawal syndrome.

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

Bonn-Miller, M., Moos, R., (2011). Marijuana discontinuation, anxiety symptoms, and relapse to marijuana. Addictive Behaviors 34 (pp. 782–785). Retrieved February 21, 2011 from http://dionysus.psych.wisc.edu/Lit/Articles/Bonn-MillerM2009a.pdf

Carpenter, K.M., McDowell, D., Brooks, D., Cheng, W., (2009). A Preliminary Trial: Double-Blind Comparison of Nefazodone, Bupropion-SR and Placebo in the Treatment of Cannabis Dependence.  American Journal of Addiction. 18(1). (pp 53-64).

Copeland, J. & Swift, W. (2009). Cannabis use disorder: epidemiology and management. International Review of Psychiatry. 21(2) (pp. 96-103).

Hasin,  D., Keyes, K., Alderson,  D., Wang, S., Aharonovich, E. & Grant, B. (2008). Cannabis withdrawal in the United States: results from NESARC.  Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 69(9). (pp. 1354-63).

Preuss, U.W, Watzke, A.B., Zimmermann, J., Wong, J.W., Schmidt, C.O. (2010). Cannabis withdrawal severity and short-term course among cannabis-dependent adolescent and young adult inpatients. Drug and Alcohol Dependency 106(2-3) (pp. 133-41).

Placebogenic effects in counselling

It is widely known that antidepressants are extremely effective for depression.  It is also widely reported in clinical studies that placebos are nearly as effective, typically 10 to 15% behind the medications being tested; this placebo effect has grown in recent years (Hougaard, 2010).  This phenomena has raised speculation as to why this occurs and critical inquiry into the effectiveness of antidepressants (DeMarco, 1998).  Strictly speaking, a placebo is an inert version of a medication (or other therapy), but the placebo is not necessarily inert.  Extending this is an inquiry into psychotherapy:  perhaps psychotherapy is, in a sense, a placebo for the supports provided by family and society for those suffering from depression.

An attempt to lower the placebo effect is the use of a run-in phase, or test, to find and eliminate participants who respond to placebos (Hougaard, 2010).  But a meta-study found that studies that used a run-in phase were not significantly different from those that didn't.  Some find fault in the nature of antidepressant efficacy trials, showing that a majority of the depressed would not qualify to participate in the trials (Zimmerman, 2005).  Eliminating factors include comorbid anxiety, previous episodes, a possibility of suicide, or social impairments.

Two likely explanations for the placebo effect are an expectation for improvement by participants (that may be supported by industry advertising), and that the interaction between participants and clinicians initiates a healing phase (Hagen, 2010).  Explanations like these imply that efficacy trials themselves are therapy, and for this reason, psychotherapy should first be attempted, followed by medication.  The greatest efficacy for depression combines counseling and medicine; the combination shows 15-20% improved efficacy for chronic severe depression.  Counseling is the better long-term therapy as it helps prevents relapse.

There is temptation to use the placebo effect as it has fewer side effects than medications (Kirsch, 2002).  But their deceptive nature inhibits their use.  The best approach to the placebo effect is to attempt to understand why it is beneficial and to apply its components in ways that clients can accept.





References
DeMarco, C. W. (1998, June). On the impossibility of placebo effects in psychotherapy. Philosophical Psychology, p. 207. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.

Dimidjian, S., Hollon, S., Dobson, K., Schmaling, K., Kohlenberg, R., Addis, M., et al. (2006). Randomized trial of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and antidepressant medication in the acute treatment of adults with major depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(4), 658-670. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.74.4.658.

Hagen, B., Wong-Wylie, G., & Piji-Zieber, E. (2010). Tablets or Talk? A critical review of the literature comparing antidepressants and counseling for treatment of depression. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 32(2), 102-124. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier database.

Hougaard, E. (2010). Placebo and antidepressant treatment for major depression: Is there a lesson to be learned for psychotherapy?. Nordic Psychology, 62(2), 7-26. doi:10.1027/1901-2276/a000008.

Kirsch, I., Moore, T., Scoboria, A., & Nicholls, S. (2002). The emperor's new drugs: An analysis of antidepressant medication data submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Prevention & Treatment, 5(1), 23. doi:10.1037/1522-3736.5.1.523a.

Zimmerman, M. (2005). Generalizability of antidepressant efficacy trials: Differences between depressed psychiatric outpatients who would or would not qualify for an efficacy trial. American Journal of Psychiatry 162, pp. 1370-1372, July 2005.  Retrieved October 24, 2010 from http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/162/7/1370

Metacognition and the current dialectic: A "FaceBook" interview

Introduction

The following is a conversation that takes a question and answer approach to metacognition, the dialectic in the context of research done by the occupy critical inquiry group on FaceBook.  She happens to have a high-ranking executive position in a very large (and often hated) consumer goods corporation. The conversation was initiated by research of the Occupy movement that revealed the dialectical method as the core process of both societal change (or revolution) and societal homeostasis (oligarchy).  Metacognition is the dialectic of the future, but there are subtle and important differences between them.

Small talk

John Bessa:

Thanks for "liking" occupy critical inquiry -- based on what I learned (and learned for my psych masters) I have extended the dialectic to metacognition, which is basically the same but different in subtle ways. Dialectic is 2-3 K yrs old, and metacognition is future "thought control" (seriously).

KBG:

Hi John thanks for the invite to merge our worlds. 1 thing you should know about me is I'm a very simple thinker. By this I don't mean that I'm shallow but because I am aware of how the power of persuasion can alter my ability to perceive, I constantly challenge myself (and others) to understand our assumptions.

The Meat: Metacognition and the current dialectic

It is a pretty simple concept: the dialectic is the "method" of civilization which is the "process" of controlling society for the benefit of the wealthy (Socrates and Plato 500 BC), and ultimately communism (control w/o the wealthy, 1850-1990). Fortunately communism failed, but it will be back in another format, and that method will be metacognition, and the name will be the (soon-to-be-late Aaron Beck).

KBG:

Are you familiar with this guy: Edgar Schein?

http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Schein#section_1.

He scares the shit out of me.

John Bessa:

I think he did pop on the radar once for school in terms of group organization -- question is, is he dialectic? if so, in the trash. Is he anti-dialectic, if so he is an ally. I suspect that as an academic he follows the synthetic path and not the understanding of nature (the physic)

KBG:

Can you explain that - synthetic versus nature? Ive never heard the term synthetic path so I want to make sure I understand it.

John Bessa:

Path away from nature towards chemical substitutes, gives you cancer, destroys the whales.  In economics, inflation outpaces growth making growth actually economic decline.  The basis is the Hegelian dialectic:

1. a thesis (a good idea, or abstraction)
2. antithesis (good idea is attacked)
3. synthesis (outcome that reverses good idea)

So synthesis is really not a path but a method or process that is like a chemical process.

KBG:

Designed to destroy and destruct the natural?

John Bessa:

Synthesis processes nature for resources w/o concern for consequences -- including people, and I am specifically thinking about aboriginals who live in nature, or in balance with it.  Synthesis reveals itself as native extermination, the extermination process belongs to people with a specific genetic signalling errors, like Hitler and Stalin (Hegelian followers).

KBG:

Yes, this describes Schein who believes management should use coercive persuasion to keep workers aligned with the goals of the Org.  Schein was given free reign in the 70's to do psych experiments on prisoners.

John Bessa:

This makes Schein dialectic (cognitive) and didactic (behavioral); he probably got them to do what he wanted in exchange for cigarettes, then they went back to whatever they were doing before the study.  I call that the negative behavioral feedback loop as, in this case, the prisoners create a metacognition to make the dialectic-didactic researcher think he/she is in control.  The researcher then creates a metacognition from the feed back loop to help with the synthesis that is the civilization process.

KBG:

Yup.

John Bessa:

So I assume you don't like that guy.

KBG:

No. Not in the least.

John Bessa:

That is good. I have been working exclusively with empathy (as emotional communication) until occupy came along -- in a few months I had a name for the flip side to empathy, the dialectic, and saw it in revolution, which explains why we get nowhere each time.

My cognitive behavioral therapy class (masters in psych) keyed me into metacognition as the new dialectic (I learned about the dialectic from the Occupy movement), and I have been finding subtle but important differences between metacognition and the dialectic. I believe metacognition will be the future battleground, but typically dialectics (now cognitivists) keep things hidden from the people, which is typical of academia.  Academia tends to change meanings of words (often to opposites) to complicate issues, and is also able to charge amazing tuition for the material that they hold in monopolistic ways.

KBG:

At 1st I loved Schein because he is the only to understand that a separate culture exists for the Operations level in Manufacturing {my employment}, then I realized his goal is to exterminate my free will.

John Bessa:

Metacognition is already "naturally" in place as maladaptions to life's stresses, such as the use of "sliver linings" to make one feel better or rationalize past mistakes -- little white lies we tell ourselves, really minor cases.  Television, and similar media, is the major case -- total synthesis, pure didactic and dialectic, and increasingly purely metacognitive.  It seems your work environment is precisely Plato's republic:

• executive class,
• enforcement class, and
• workers 

In Plato's republic, only workers have fully functioning ~natural~ minds, which explains mind control.  The two top parts of his (and our) pyramid is un-empathic and hence sadistic (psychotic, asperger-ed, and often schizophrenic).

The bottom portion, or workers, typically suffer from trauma, though many are dialectic themselves and attack meaningful change as "abstract" (from Hegel and Trotsky).

I am hypothesizing that Plato's Republic might have come to Greece from the Pharaoh's influence on the Israelites when they were Egyptian slaves; the concept then spread through the Middle East to Athens. Natural growth, as an extension of guiding evolution, tends to be democratic.  Aboriginal democracy is always find it circles, such as that tribal council circles that are ubiquitous for North American natives.

I am hypothesizing that three DNA signalling errors are governing synthesis (as it is counter-evolutionary):

 are probably the three DNA signalling errors:

1. aspergers
2. psychosis
3. schizophrenia

The first two lead to trauma in others -- combine them and you have a sociopath.  Schizophrenia is harmless by itself, but creates intense problems when combined with the other two (eg. Caligula).

The forth category of illness results from aspergers and psychosis, which together create sociopathy or psychopathy (depending on the context).  I think that in PTSD, the neurons that act as sensory inhibitors, especially for fear, get fried from too much cycling.  Drugs such as cocaine and meth have the same effect as  fat (white matter that is an electrical insulator) melts off the neurons from too much heat making them slower and thus less effective for the brain's important (and ancient) modelling processes.

KBG:

I am curious to know more: specifically how to recognize and resist.

John Bessa:

Resist what?

KBG:

Mind fuck, believing the dialect.

John Bessa:

It is a metacognition, which is in the front part of the brain, reality, or consciousness is in the deep part of the brain -- the two are connected by pathways that include empathic neurons.

Ask yourself (as Carl Rogers might): "what does your true natural self believe?"  Get away for a few days and the cognitive "voices" (TV, work, family, sales people, bosses, dialectic sub-workers) will quiet down and your natural voice will emerge from within, as a sort of personal mythical self (from CG Jung).

However, when "resisting," keep in mind that the "revolution" is dialectic and that the low-end dialectics strictly attack the abstract (which is thesis or any new ideas) to create the antithesis (attacks against good ideas to create stupid ideas) to prevent evolution (with synthesis).  The process is pretty simple if you think about it and very common.  It is everywhere -- metacognition is more general than the dialectic (especially Hegelian) and can sometimes be quite different as it involves large chunks of information that have been injected as small pieces on a minute-by-minute basis by media, teachers, bosses, etc.

The fear that all this information causes by replacing naturally derived experiential information (from Carl Rogers) is able to repress the conscientiousness (ancient and inner part of the mind) to convert it into an unconscious that is as disturbed as the dialectics' are making us brain dead, and much like them.

The current strategy involves attacking the abstract as the Hegelian dialect (1800s) that was reinforced by Marx and Engels (to fight Utopian socialist worker ideals) and made "real" by Trotsky in the 20th century as Soviet communism.

This is was a big turning point for me because I always believed that Trotsky is held as the "good" and "true" communist, who was victimized by the traitor Stalin -- but not so.  He and Stalin were on the same page, there combat is consistent with dialectical behavior, as dialecticians tend to be egotistic.  If the dialectic is threatened, however, then dalecticians tend to bond to fight the threat, while conspiring against each other.  This behavior is also typical of capitalists (such as we read about in the New York Times business section) and provides evidence (along with Plato's republic) that capital is dialectic, because it is not specifically described as such by Adam Smith, for instance.  (Smith, however, influenced Hegel's economic views.)

Understanding Trotsky was the big leap for me, as suddenly, all that I had been told about the Left and revolution during my time on the streets (of the Lower East Side [LES] of Manhattan during the homeless crisis of the 80s) was lie, not just some of it: an ancient and well-organized  metacognitive plan that even included Emma Goldman, the founding LES anarchist.

 The plan dates back to 2500 BC and, as dialectically designed, is able to keep adapting to attempts to put humanity back on an evolutionary path.  The final adaption is apparently  and independent metacognition strategy that will combine the mass-teaching strengths of the didactic (which can be subverted by the negative behavioral loops that the prisoners probably used to confound Shein's research).  So the upcoming metacognitive thought control strategies will be different,  and I hope to popularize these differences before they get into full swing which  should be in upcoming decades: 2040-50.  Science fiction seems to accurately describe metacognitive societies, such as Orwell's 1984, yet we, as society, fail to make the connections perhaps because of the strength of  metacognitive efforts.

It is being predicted by various studies that by 2050 we, humanity, will be experiencing mass starvation resulting form over population, resource depletion, and atmospheric warming (Dalhousie University studies, and others).  Continuing the processes which are causing these problems will require metacognition, and the process itself goes back to the initial purpose synthesis, which is to which is to enable aristocrats and empires to process (other people's) resources for the purposes of becoming wealthy and further building empires.

KBG:

I think Im getting close to being on the verge of "getting it"(maybe..lol)...Occupy is part of the dialect because its the antithesis to the original thesis which is essentially to keep the Rich rich so in effect has no affect because its still the same mind fuck game.?

Is Anarchy the antithesis to the Occupy thesis OR is it outside the boundaries of the "game"?

John Bessa:

That was my very thought when I first looked at revolution and antithesis; it would seem that antithesis, as the "Hegellian" a struggle that Trotsky describes, would be the attack of the "thesis" that is civilization.  In fact, it would make a lot of sense, and could show that revolutionary activity is beneficial.  But that is not what is happening at all.  First, anarchy is poorly defined; it can be socialistic and hence prone to communist take-over, or it can be individualistic, egotistic, and hence capitalistic.  Or it can be completely discordian, having no social effect at all.  It's anti-thetical nature seems to be so destructive as to prevent synthesis, but as it lacks a foundation of abstract (or thetical) structures, it fails to restore the natural evolutionary path that Kropotkin, for instance, apparently hoped it would when he reinforced Darwin's ideas with Mutual Aid.

As I live in the "sticks," I don't meet many occupiers face-to-face.  The last occupier that I talked to made no attempt to hide his dialectic, and made absolutely no attempt to comprehend the good advice I was giving him (to avoid the dialectic), so my present position is "fuck occupy" as it is  apparently purely dialectical.  This occupier openly supported Neitze and the "ubermensch," or "superman."

KBG:

So how does one throw a monkey wrench into the metacognitive process to prevent thought control?  Are you familiar with Jacques Ellul? http://www.jesusradicals.com/theology/jacques-ellul/  A friend posted this on FB this morning. Let me know what you think... http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/250493.php

John Bessa:

In the cognitive article you provide, the authors write that "rejecting information actually requires cognitive effort." In response to this, the way that I am writing about metacognition is that there is a "soft" mind inside the "hard," or real mind mind (which is the brain).  The soft mind is like a computer software emulation which makes other software think it is hardware.  So, in other words, the metacognition resides in the "current control" or "executive function" section of the brain (also called working memory) as a type of mind which is independent form the brain (and its consciousness) and thus does not access natural morality (from Darwin's evolution) but instead control directives, such as ethics, laws, and perhaps metacognitive or didactic "guilt routines" that are interjected from the outside.  These are often shared experiences that are not experiences at all, but metacognitions (that are synthetic by definition).

KBG:

If I understand what your saying about metacognition, our cognitive process can be manipulated til the point we accept 'truths' about 'reality and we become zombie lab rats who will respond in expected ways.  If so is there a way now to fight fire with fire and use the cognitive response to resist allowing future control to occur?

John Bessa:

I think they ARE manipulated every single minute of every day so that we have a synthetic conception that suggests that the end result of synthesis, which is the cooking of the planet through global warming (in parallel with population explosion that is part of economic growth is simply an evolutionary effect of humanity.

The way to get away from the metacognitive process (the dialectic) is to get out to the woods, let the metacognitive voices quiet down (especially NPR or other "liberal" sources for us) and resume the natural (evolutionary) path allowing our senses (including common sense) to guide our intellect.

So when I tell dialectics that I am an "EVOlutionary," I imagine they should get really nervous, because evolution, by extending Darwin, should, through natural selection, remove the mental illnesses that cause dialectical behaviors from future generations (such as in Stalin, Hitler, and Mao had). The anti-Darwin social Darwinists saw this, as did the various churches, and have been thus working (sometimes together) to create a metacognitive form of evolution to replace the natural, empathic one validate synthesis and civilization.

As an aside, the "traditional" view of psychology-psychiatry comes to us from (one of the) Aristotle(s). This gives IQ as the primary intellectual function (because it can be measured empirically with an IQ test and only tests cognition and not consciousness and related creative functions), emotion as psychosis (rather than emotional intelligence) because emotion causes irrationality, and schizophrenia as creativity, because random disconnected signals from the brain (hallucinations) are the creative process.

In the dialectical view only, Uncontrolled emotion and hallucinations are the only liberating forces. I consider this a pretty neat control strategy.  I also see it as core to dialectical control as an easy way to say that normal rebelling people are crazy, and thus crazy people should be in control of rebellious change--dialectics.  This way, any threat to the oligarchy can be put in an insane asylum while being described as a contributing part of the process.  This is precisely how that Soviet Union reacted to serious dissent.

(Nonetheless, it is important to note that the genius of the dialectic is that it encourages its students (or other victims) to seek alternatives [that have been pre-described] that that students will reach conclusions on their own that are precisely what the teacher, or dialectician, wanted them to reach, but the students have been deceived into thinking they reached these conclusions on their own.  If they fail to reach the predetermined goal, then a search for more alternatives are encouraged (until the predetermined "alternative" is chosen.  This also describes metacognitive education, but in metacognitive education, the student will probably be failed as in didactic "behavioral" education.  Metacognitive education intends to leverage computers systems such as the "Moodle" education web system.")

The idea that schizophrenia and psychosis are the sole creative forces that are also forms of mental illness strongly suggests that psychiatry and psychology are dominated by mental illness that is neither of these two.  It suggests that psychology-psychiatry has been historically (and probably still is) dominated by the third DNS signaling error disease: aspergers.  Aspergers is defined as "no emotional interrelation." The cause of it is a disconnection from the control part of the brain (prefrontal cortex) from the consciousness parts of the brain because of missing connecting neurons, or simply dead consciousness.  (It is also considered to be the core of autism, or high-functioning autism; this is a concept I have fought partly because of the official metacognition of autism as I learned it in an autism institution.  I now accept it as I have seen autistic behaviors and physical markers in people who are unquestionably cruel.)

In society dominated by this type of person (aspergers), which would be civilized society (aspergers empire), then the only true escape from metacognition (the norm) is, in fact, schizophrenia because schizophrenia allows mental signalling in the form of hallucinations that cannot be controlled dialectically, meaning cognitively --or didactically, meaning behaviorally. (Hans Eysenck, the creativity and intelligence expert, still promotes this schizophrenia/creativity idea, has many younger followers.  He also helps preserves Aristotle's personality theories based on "colored biles.") So, in civilized dialectical society, only the crazy are free being either psychotic or schizophrenic. Missing, of course, is the normal human who is chafing under control that is often traumatic-- and, of course, media broadcasted and educational metacognitions.

What we have instead is the "normalized" human, which is an important statistical, empirical mathematical function which, in short, means moving the bell curve that statistically describes normality to fit eccentric data. Thus eccentricity becomes normality, and as it happens, Catholic education is specifically called "normal" but is anything but natural. And of course, "Mother Mary sightings" (or Elvis for that matter) are considered messages from Heaven.

As an aside, statistical normalization is usually applied with respect to ethnic diversity which means both native-ness (aboriginals) and immigration with the norm being capitalized, civilized (normal) society, which in the metacognitive model is itself eccentric as it is metacognitive.

Thanks for the questions, they really help clarify things! Hugs

KBG:
No, thank you for letting me ask questions and for realizing that I am only asking them so that I can learn about metacognition and not because I'm trying to refute or minimalize it's existence. I appreciate that you are also open to me using the work of others to help me sort out in my mind that metacognition is 'like this' or ' not that'. etc.. Will you read this article I suggest 'The Obstacles of Communication Arising from Propaganda Habits'. It is located near the bottom of this webpage ..
http://www.jesusradicals.com/theology/jacques-ellul/ ..
 
Also I hope that you are not offended by or will discount the use of Christian Anarachy Theology because it is either decidely insignificant if you are an atheist or because it is decidely offensive due to a particular religious dogma you might have.
Btw..Jacques Ellul is my man of the hour but I am a knowledge whore and will cling to him only to the point that I find some other source of thought that attracts and intrigues more.
Is there a difference between native, indiginuos, and aboriginal? I notice youve used aboriginal a few times so I want to know what that word means to you.
 
John Bessa:
It's regional -- Native in the US means aboriginal in Canada -- Native Canadians are non-immigrants. Aboriginal simply means original, according to the best mind on the topic. Saying you are a White native in the US means you are nativist which is a branch of NYC racism that died out 100 yrs ago (but sticks, metacognition) and is the theme of the movie Gangs of NY. Its academic...
Historic trauma and aboriginal healing. Wesley-Esquimaux & Smolewski http://www.ahf.ca/downloads/historic-trauma.pdf
It gets into transgenerational PTSD, but its core to me is the death of the tribes when the beaver business (London hats) caused the aboriginals to stop apologizing to the beaver for killing it (short version). Fantastic writing, I wish she, or they, would write more.
Aboriginals are universally defined as having an emotional relationship with the environment, meaning the animals are their friends and emissaries to the "creator" (in North America) which is really the entity that is the earth, sky, etc. Also, it is a United Nations charter right to "go native," so the World community does not necessarily count genetics as a factor. I write that we are all aboriginal inside as that is how we evolved.
Hugs
http://www.ahf.ca/downloads/historic-trauma.pdf
www.ahf.ca
 
KBG:
Transgenerational PTSD...thats an intriguing new thought for me, though entirely plausable and I think evident amoung many social groups.
...the way our blame game world view is part of megacognition
 
John Bessa:
most definitely -- group/world version
most call that rationalization, which links to cognition but not sense, morality, or consciousness
 
KBG:
...rationalization or metacognition isnt linked to sense, morality, & conciousness. My understanding of MC is that it most definately is which is the whole fucking point
 
John Bessa:
Nope, rationalization is the in prefrontal cortext, sense is throughout the whole body/mind, metacognition is in the prefrontal cortex and includes one part of the lymbic system -- the part that makes you complain and cuss
 
John Bessa:
yeah in CBT therapy you are supposed to control emotional impulses from the lybmic system with thought control in the prefrontal cortex lymbic makes you cry, laugh, etc -- emotional intelligence occurs in the main part of the brain as does empathy.
 
KBG:
What is CBT?
 
John Bessa:
Cognitive behavioral therapy, which will become metacognitive therapy and bring metacognitive education through thought control -- TV is already there
 
KBG:
Through advertising?
 
John Bessa:
Rational comes from latin ratio which is mathematical thinking, not very appetizing, but how it is done used to mimic reality like a play such as All in the Family or Taxi but now seeks to replace reality like CSI or documentaries, or reality TV tv is for advertising, or for the people swayed by advertisements -- nobody I know, so we are not a consideration
 
KBG:
Oh God Help us...reality tv!  But children are swayed...they can recognize logos before they can read.
 
John Bessa:
Ah ha! metacognition.  "Re-cognize" is a minor thought process but becomes dominant cognizance is the only interrelation for the metacogntive
the mind is made into a small percentage of its true self including -- silver linings, etc -- comfort zones.
 
KBG:
Two words you have used that Im not fitting in the picture yet; silver linings and empathy. What do mean in the 1st and how does the 2nd play in?
 
John Bessa:
well, in short, empathy is emotional communication, where sympathy is inside your head -- empathy can use the imagination to feel for others from other lands, such as starving Africans, sympathy is sort of "pooh pooh."  Finding a silver lining in every bad situation, or rationalizing that you were forced to do the wrong thing because the right thing would cause problems, or "painting a pretty picture" of a person or situation so as to get that person to meet the expectation, which they may, but cannot maintain as they are not what you want but abusive assholes all metacognitions that don't even rate as fantasies because they are not in the consciousness but in the executive function part of the brain (prefrontal cortex)
 
KBG:
In the US right now, voter suppression is the hot topic and people will talk about it being unfair to certain demogrsphics but no-one will call it racist. As a matter of fact everyone seems to preface thier statements with..Im not saying its racist. WHY? Rationalization? MC? Something else?
 
John Bessa:
I am willing to bet a million dollars that the activism ITSELF iis a metacognition -- that a full disclosure of the racism and other bias is actually a pathway to furter bias of some other kind synthesized by the activists -- all that is political that is not natural, or aboriginal, is metacognitive, such that activists know that to create a new alternative (antithesis, and synthesis) they need to emulate abolitionism, animism,and animal rights: PeTA
aborignialism, not abolitionism (spell checker accident), but both work
when I was a kid I was ostracized and attacked by black kids for being a slave-owner
seriously
 
KBG:
Did it make you resentful or did have empathy?
 
John Bessa:
What make me resentful?  Metacogntion is disease, pity if anything, but it has to stop as it is killing us the end date is projected at 2050

Constructivist modeling of spirituality

In my experience, atheists tend to view religion is something you do for some tangible benefit, such as providing a basis for social cohesion or identifying ethnicity, or listening to a choral society or classical quartet. They would like to see spirituality as likewise providing a benefit, though what benefit that may be they will never “grok.” Long story short, after a few early years of their atheism, I discovered Buddhism (Japanese style) and grasped it--especially the martial arts pacifism of Judo. As a multiculturally-infused New Yorker, I was very sensitive to Christian intolerance yet maintained a basic understanding of Christianity that finally manifested when I recently attended a small rural church. I was studying constructivism and sociology at the time and instantly saw “text book” examples of the emotional/informational phenomena described by constructivists as the “community of knowledge.”

I felt I could model an abstraction with religion as the organizational tool, and spirituality as the feeling within it. Since I see spirituality as the human guidance that opposes inhumanity through prayer (and by doing other things) for those in need, and religion as providing the “house” for it, then someone who is genuinely religious/spiritual will find a home in any “house.” Since tolerance is key to spirituality, then overlooking minor differences should be easy, such as the conflict between reincarnation, the after-life, or a natural death (or possibly an explosion of the Earth into fire as in the last Gospel of the Bible).

By extending constructivist ideas in a psychological context, it is my “belief” that there is specific neurological activity associated with prayer and meditation especially in groups. Every church or temple I have attended has a family-type empathic atmosphere of “love” that transcends sexual attraction (or should). Providing proof for this may be difficult because, for instance, it is impossible to simultaneously put an entire congregation in fMRI machines. From other brain research, however, I attempt to hypothesize how this should work.